Switch HUB DHCP
In HUB there is no reference about
location of devices + if there are any errors while carrying out logical
operations, then ALL devices and operations are affected.
In a SWITCH all
reference details are maintained + if error happens between points A junction
and D junction then it doesn’t affect other connections or junctions (that is why SWITCH is called an intelligent device)
MAC Address (Media Access Control
Address)
It is a 48 bit number.
It comes with NIC card/adapter.
It is of 2 types
- Dynamic
(Automatic Assigning of address)
·
Any
PC can access the SWITCH or other devices
- Static
(Manual assignment of addresses)
·
One
port is used/reserved for one specific PC (i.e unique MAC address)
Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
This protocol is only used for
distributing IPs
With DHCP IPs can be assigned in 2
ways
1) Static
2) Dynamic
·
No
manual configuring
·
Pool
of IPs is distributed from one special system (server)
ROUTER can also behave like DHC
server, which distributes IPs
Those who require IPs are called
DHCP clients.
DORA process – Discover, Offer,
Request, Acknowledge.
Discover – Searches for server/s
Offer – Upon location of
server, the server offers list of
available pool of IPs
Request – Client makes request for one IP, from the offered
list of IPs from the pool
Acknowledgement – After an IP is
assigned by the Server, it asks for an acknowledgement to the Client. After
this confirmation from client, the IP so assigned, is removed from the server’s
pool of available IPs for
distribution.
Note: Broadcast IP can be used to
“broadcast” data/message/info to all systems/devices connected.
BUT in real time BC IP cannot be
used to ping other devices/systems etc…
DUPLEX
TYPE
1) Half
Duplex
Best example of HALF DUPLEX – Walky
Talky
At any given time only one device is
the sender, the other device MUST be the receiver.
Like in walky talky, only one person
can speak at a time, the other end can only listen.
2) Full
Duplex
Best example of FULL DUPLEX –
cell/mobile phone
At any given time both users/devices
can interact and share information
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